Maksim Pazniakou
Cases- Location of case in SG report
- 2025-013-001
- Relevant SG report
- Year of the report
- 2025
- From Country
- Country Geolocation
Latitude: 53.709807
Longitude: 27.953389
- Country Geolocation (linked Cases)
- Belarus
- From Region
- Individual's/organization's activity
acting Chairperson of the now-outlawed Belarusian Congress of Democratic Trade Unions (BKDP),
- Type of rights defended
- Unclear in SG Report
- Reported trigger of reprisal
cooperation with the International Labour Organization (ILO)
- Engagement with UN body
- ILO
- Dates of mentioned reprisals
- 31 December 2024
- Location of mentioned reprisals
- Belarus
- Reprisal information
charged in absentia with offences that fall under Article 361 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Belarus No. 275 of 9 July 1999. This provision relates, to public calls for actions that may harm national security, including appeals for sanctions,. GB.353/INS/7/(Rev.1) According to information received by OHCHR, the legal proceedings against him, as well as ongoing harassment against his relatives in Belarus, appear to be directly linked to his cooperation with the International Labour Organization (ILO) (GB.353/NSP/PV, para 223). 14. Following the commencement of criminal proceedings against Mr. Pazniakou, state officials reportedly conducted five visits to the residence of his 75-year-old mother, where he remains officially registered. These visits included one search of the premises, three interrogations, and one attempt to locate him. During these visits, officials informed his mother that he had been placed on a national “wanted” list. However, no procedural documents were presented to her, nor did she receive any formal notification or legal documentation. The repeated visits and interactions have reportedly caused significant emotional distress to Mr. Pazniakou’s elderly mother. Her advanced age, combined with the psychological impact of these events, have reportedly affected her well-being and her memory.
- Types of reprisals suffered
- Charge/Investigation/Prosecution: Charge/Investigation/Prosecution - General
- Family/friends/acquaintances targeted
- Alleged/likely perpetrators
- State actors
- Was the reprisal based on new legislation?
- No
- Does the report make general comment about country’s environment for engagement with UN?
- Yes
- Government response dates
- 16 July 2025
- Government response content
On 16 July 2025, the Government responded to the note verbale sent in connection to the present report noting that Mr. Pazniakou had been charged on 31 December 2024 with crimes under Article 361 (parts 1 and 2) of the Criminal Code, and that due to the inability to locate him, the preliminary investigation had been suspended. The Government further noted that the criminal prosecution of Mr. Pazniakou related to his alleged cooperation with an extremist group and to his interaction with the United Nations, and in particular with the ILO, and noted that the questioning of relatives is a standard investigative practice.
- Is the country cited for a "pattern of reprisal" in the context of this case?
- No
- Is a pattern of reprisals mentioned otherwise in the context of this case?
- No
- Does the report cite "self-censorship" as an issue in the context of this case?
- No