A/HRC/60/62 funding or secure sustainable resources to continue their work, a situation that significantly deteriorated in 2025. 115. While United Nations entities continued to document global trends similar to those identified in previous years, new, deepening concerns emerged during the reporting period. 116. Allegations of transnational repression across borders 44 have increased, with examples from around the world.45 Targeted repression across borders appears to be growing in scale and sophistication, and the impact on the protection of human rights defenders and affected individuals in exile, as well as the chilling effect on those who continue to defend human rights in challenging contexts, is of increasing concern. 117. As reflected in this report, during the reporting period, OHCHR documented nine cases where individuals and organizations residing in third States were allegedly subjected to intimidation and reprisals by State and non-State actors affiliated with their countries of origin in connection with their engagement with the United Nations. In two additional cases, individuals and organizations originally from, or registered in, third States were allegedly targeted by Member States with which they had no formal affiliation, apart from their engagement with the United Nations on human rights issues concerning those States. 118. Six Member States were reportedly responsible for these 11 incidents. Documented acts included criminal charges related to national security or terrorism, surveillance, harassment, threats, confiscation of property and passports, denial of passport renewal, refusal of re-entry after travel abroad, and ongoing extradition attempts against a human rights defender and recognized refugee. These actions targeted those directly engaging with the United Nations, their organizations and, in some cases, their family members and colleagues. 119. Another emerging concern in this year’s report is the targeting of individuals who belong to the LGBTIQ+ community or who advocate for their rights at the United Nations. The targeting of youth, women human rights defenders, peacebuilders and Indigenous Peoples persisted. Others at heightened risk included human rights defenders, activists, journalists, victims of human rights violations, witnesses and their relatives, lawyers and trade unionists. 120. The following trends, consistent with those documented in previous years, were again observed during the reporting period, with some variations and evolving features. Self-censorship and the choice not to cooperate with the United Nations or to do so under conditions of anonymity due to fear of reprisals continued. Self-censorship was documented in contexts marked by repressive policies, human rights violations, fear of reprisals and criminal liability for cooperation with the United Nations. 121. The choice not to cooperate continues to pose methodological challenges in the documentation of allegations and is likely underidentified and underreported. In several instances, OHCHR and other United Nations entities, including peace operations, documented cases of individuals who declined engagement with the United Nations citing fear of reprisals, including 62 individuals in one State. While the number of individuals and organizations requesting anonymous reporting (more than 40 individuals and 14 organizations) represents a small reduction compared to last year’s figure, the numbers remain significant, consistent with earlier reporting periods. 122. Online and offline surveillance of those who cooperate or attempt to cooperate with the United Nations remains a concern. As in the previous reporting period, surveillance was reported in one third of the States included in the present report. 44 See https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/transnational-repression-1en.pdf. 45 See https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-and-speeches/2025/03/turbulence-and-unpredictabilityamid-growing-conflict-and-divided and https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-andspeeches/2024/06/we-must-urgently-find-our-way-back-peace-says-high-commissioner. 15